Understanding Gum Disease
Plaque is a sticky film containing bacteria that continually forms on the teeth. When plaque is not removed effectively, some of it can harden into tartar or calculus, which requires professional removal. This buildup can contribute to inflammation and infection of the gums and tissues supporting the teeth.
Gingivitis is an early form of gum disease that may cause red, swollen or bleeding gums. Periodontitis is more advanced and can affect the bone and other structures supporting the teeth. Without appropriate care, advanced periodontal disease may contribute to loose teeth and tooth loss.
Possible Signs of Periodontal Disease
Signs that may require a periodontal evaluation include:
- Red, swollen or tender gums
- Gums that bleed during brushing or flossing
- Gums pulling away from the teeth
- Persistent bad breath or an unpleasant taste
- Loose or sensitive teeth
- Pain or discomfort while chewing
- Changes in the way the teeth fit together
Gum disease may not always produce noticeable symptoms during its early stages. A dental examination is necessary to determine whether periodontal disease is present.
How Periodontal Health Is Evaluated
A periodontal evaluation may include reviewing your dental and medical history, examining the gums for inflammation or recession, measuring the spaces around the teeth and checking for tooth mobility. Dental X-rays may also be recommended when clinically appropriate to evaluate the supporting bone.
Periodontal Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the type and extent of the condition. Early gingivitis may improve with professional cleaning and consistent oral hygiene. When deeper periodontal pockets are present, scaling and root planing may be recommended to clean above and below the gumline.
Some patients may require periodontal maintenance, medication or referral for additional periodontal procedures. Local anesthesia may be used during deep cleaning when appropriate. Your dental professional will explain the recommended treatment after completing an individual evaluation.
Daily home care and regular professional visits remain important after treatment. Learn more about South Dental’s preventive dental care.
Request a Periodontal Evaluation
Contact South Dental if you have concerns about bleeding, swollen or receding gums, persistent bad breath or tooth mobility.
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Periodontics & gum care — frequently asked questions
Why do my gums bleed when I brush?
Bleeding gums can be a sign of gum inflammation. A periodontal evaluation can determine the cause and the appropriate treatment.
What is scaling and root planing?
A deep cleaning that removes plaque and tartar above and below the gumline when deeper periodontal pockets are present.
Can gum disease come back after treatment?
Daily home care and regular professional visits are important after treatment. Some patients need periodontal maintenance visits.
What is a deep cleaning?
A deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) removes plaque and tartar from below the gumline and smooths the root surfaces so the gums can heal.
Can gum disease be cured?
Early gum disease can often be reversed. More advanced gum disease can be controlled with treatment and regular maintenance visits.
This page provides general information and is not a diagnosis. Treatment recommendations require an individual examination, and service availability may vary by location.